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What the heck is a tunnel? OK, then, what is a VPN? - Sun, Feb 21, 2021

What the heck is a tunnel? OK, then, what is a VPN?

How hard is it to describe the difference between a tunnel and a VPN to a completely non-technical person? Come to find out, it is fairly difficult! Chris Young - one of our esteemed co-hosts - tweeted out a seemingly simple question: “Explain the difference between a tunnel and a VPN to a non/technical audience.”. Proposed answers were given, a variety of interpretations of “non-technical audience” were made. Hilarity ensued. which really begs the questions: what the heck ARE tunnels? What are VPNs? Think you know? So did we. Take a trip with us through our winding exploration as we dive into the abyss of the ocean of possibilities - all aboard the RV Calypso of encapsulation.

List of Tunneling mechanisms:

Encapsulation

  • VXLAN
  • GENEVE
  • GRE
  • mGRE
  • NVGRE
  • OTV
  • IP in IP
  • 6 in 4
  • 4 in 6
  • EoIP
  • PPTP
  • CAPWAP DTLS
  • GTP (GPRS Tunnelling Protocol)
  • Q-in-Q
  • IPSec
  • L2TP
  • HTTPS Tunnelling
  • DNS Tunnelling
  • SSH Tunnelling
  • TOR
  • L2F
  • ISATAP
  • Teredo
  • Wireguard
  • MACSEC

Control Plane

  • EVPN
  • L2VPNs
  • L3VPNs
  • MVPN

Label Stacks

  • LDP
  • VPLS
  • RSVP-TE
  • SR (V6/MPLS)
  • 128T (NDN-esque)
  • DOVE

All in One

  • ZeroTier
  • Wireguard

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